Order Sosial

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DefinitionSocial ContractDurkheim&#39s TheoryMarx&#39s Critical TheoryMerit in Each TheoryOutside the field of sociology people often use the term “social order” to refer to a state of stability and consensus that exists in the absence of chaos and upheaval Sociologists however have a more complex understanding of the term Within the field it refers to the organization of many interrelated parts of a society Social order is present when individuals agree to a shared social contractthat states that certain rules and laws must be abided and certain standards values and norms maintained Social order can be observed within national societies geographical regions institutions and organizations communities formal and informal groups and even at the scale of global society Within all of these social order is most often hierarchical some people hold more power than others so they can enforce the laws rules and norms necessary for the preservation of social order Practices behaviors values and beliefs that are counter to those of the social order are typic The question of how social order is achieved and maintained is the question that gave birth to the field of sociology In his book Leviathan English philosopher Thomas Hobbes laid the groundwork for the exploration of this question within the social sciences Hobbes recognized that without some form of social contract there could be no society and chaos and disorder would reign According to Hobbes modern states were created to provide social order People agree to empower the state to enforce the rule of law and in exchange they give up some individual power This is the essence of the social contract that lies at the foundation of Hobbes&#39 theory of social order As sociology became an established field of study early thinkers became keenly interested in the question of social order Founding figures such as Karl Marx and Émile Durkheimfocused their attention on the significant transitions that occurred before and during their lifetimes including industrialization urbaniza Through his study of the role of religion in primitive and traditional societies French sociologist Émile Durkheim came to believe that social order arose out of the shared beliefs values norms and practices of a given group of people His view locates the origins of social order in the practices and interactions of daily life as well as those associated with rituals and important events In other words it is a theory of social order that puts cultureat the forefront Durkheim theorized that it was through the culture shared by a group community or society that a sense of social connection—what he called solidarity—emerged between and among people and that worked to bind them together into a collective Durkheim referred to a group&#39s shared collection of beliefs values attitudes and knowledge as the “collective conscience” In primitive and traditional societies Durkheim observed that sharing these things was enough to create a “mechanical solidarity” that bound the group German philosopher Karl Marx took a different view of social order Focusing on the transition from precapitalist to capitalist economiesand their effects on society he developed a theory of social order centered on the economic structure of society and the social relations involved in the production of goods Marx believed that these aspects of society were responsible for producing the social order while others—including social institutions and the state—were responsible for maintaining it He referred to these two components of society as the base and the superstructure In his writings on capitalism Marx argued that the superstructure grows out of the base and reflects the interests of the ruling class that controls it The superstructure justifies how the base operates and in doing so justifies the power of the ruling class Together the base and the superstructure create and maintain social order From his observations of history and politics Marx concluded that the sh While some sociologists align themselves with either Durkheim&#39s or Marx&#39s view of social order most recognize that both theories have merit A nuanced understanding of social order must acknowledge that it is the product of multiple and sometimes contradictory processes Social order is a necessary feature of any society and it is deeply important for building a sense of belonging and connection with others At the same time social order is also responsible for producing and maintaining oppression A true understanding of how social order is constructed must take all of these contradictory aspects into account Occupation Sociology Expert.

The Meaning of Social Order in Sociology

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Social order is a fragile system that requires the majority of the population to adhere to social norms and expectations Video Duration 6 min.